Modal Auxiliaries: CAN, MUST, MAY, NEEDN’T

SimpleEnglishNews.com

CAN

Full form                      Negative                       Negative – short form
I can come.                  I cannot come.              I can’t come.

Question
Can I come?

The same forms are used for other persons: (you, he, she, it, we, they)

Use:

– can relates to ability

I can do it.
She can come at 8 p.m..
Can they carry it?
They can swim.

MUST

Full form                     Negative                     Negative – short form            Question
I must come.              I must not come.        I mustn’t come.                      Must I come?

The same forms are used for other persons: (you, he, she, it, we, they)

Use:

– must in positive sentences and questions means a duty or obligation, but in a negative statement it means a negative order

I must do it now.
Must they do their homework now?
We mustn’t forget to send those letters.

–  must in addition to its first meaning could also have a meaning of a probability, and in this case the past tense is created as follows: must + have + past participle

He must know it. (He probably knows it.)
He must have known about it. (He probably knew about it.)

MAY

Full form                       Negative                       Question
I may come.                 I may not come.            May I come?

The same forms are used for other persons:(you, he, she, it, we, they)

– may relates mainly to permissions (especially in questions)

May I come in?
May he play with their toys?

– in addition to its original meaning, may can also relate to slight probability; in this case its past tense is created as follows: may + have + past participle

He may bring it. (He will bring it, perhaps.)
He may have brought it. (Perhaps he brought it.)

NEED NOT, NEEDN T

I (you, he, she, it, we, they) needn’t go there.

– needn’t (need not) has the same form for all persons and relates to an absence of obligation

You needn’t go there.
They needn’t  do it now.
She needn’t help me.

© Simple English News™ / Ahhoy.net

Facebook Comments Box